細胞外凝膠的熱電特性…來自鯊魚的電感測器…會響應微小的溫度梯度而產生顯著的電壓。凝膠的這種體積特性表明，溫度可以轉化為電信息，而不需要離子通道，這種敏感性可能有助於鯊魚將熱鋒定位為進食區域。
(The thermoelectric properties of an extracellular gel… from the electrosensors of sharks… develops significant voltages in response to tiny temperature gradients. This bulk property of the gel indicates that temperature can be translated into electrical information without the need for ion channels, a sensitivity that may help sharks to locate thermal fronts as feeding areas.)